Anthropometric considerations between lower first molar, condyle ramus height and coronoid process
Authors
Giovanni Falisi, Paola Di Giacomo, Raul Quezada Arcega, Claudio Rastelli, Sara Bernardi, Davide Gerardi, Walter Nardandrea, Carlo Di Paolo, Eduardo Basáñez Rivera, Roberto Gatto, Antonio Scarano, Gianluca Botticelli
Abstract
This study explores the anthropometric relationships between the lower first molar, the condyle-ramus height, and the coronoid process of the mandible. It builds on the idea that craniofacial structures follow consistent anatomical proportions, which could aid in orthodontic and prosthetic rehabilitation. The first molar is seen as pivotal to occlusion development, with its position possibly reflecting deeper skeletal patterns.
Materials and Methods. A pilot clinical trial was conducted at the University of L’Aquila using CBCT scans from 27 adult patients. Measurements were taken at four points: - A: Top of the mandibular condyle - B: Mandibular angle - C: Buccal surface of the first lower molar - D: Coronoid process on the opposite side Distances AB (condyle to angle), BC (angle to first molar), and CD (coronoid to molar) were calculated. Scans with asymmetries or artifacts were excluded to maintain consistency.
Results. Patients were categorized by Angle’s classification: - **Class I (n=14)**: AB/BC average ~55.9 mm; CD ~84.7 mm - **Class II (n=7)**: AB/BC average ~55.2 mm; CD ~86.5 mm - **Class III (n=6)**: AB/BC average ~61.6 mm; CD ~90.6 mm In 85% of cases, point C (molar location) was found in the mesial half of the first molar. While AB and BC measurements correlated strongly (suggesting a predictable molar location), no significant correlation was found between CD and the other distances. Discussion. The study confirms a constant anthropometric relationship between the condyle, mandibular angle, and the lower first molar. This implies that the position of the lower first molar is structurally determined and should guide orthodontic and prosthetic treatments. Thus, clinicians should prioritize maintaining or restoring this natural alignment in treatments, including implants or dentures.
Conclusion. The position of the mandibular first molar reflects a consistent geometric relationship with skeletal landmarks. This anatomical constant should be leveraged in clinical practice to enhance long-term treatment success in orthodontics and prosthodontics.
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